Russia – Cuba: new horizons of internationalization of higher education in the context of geopolitical transformation

Abstract

Objective: To analyze Russia-Cuba reciprocal internationalization models that ensure balanced exchanges and sustainable cooperation in a transformed geopolitical context. Methods: included a mixed-methods study (2023-2025) of the Pyatigorsk State University-University of Camagüey-University of Matanzas consortium, with document analysis, surveys (Bennett's Inventory), diaries, interviews, focus groups, and statistical and thematic analysis with triangulation. Results: showed a reciprocal mobility model with a trend toward equilibrium, a 40% increase in students' intercultural competencies, the development of innovative formats ("pyramid" teams, hybrid teaching, dual degrees), and a sustainable co-financing model (70% institutional resources). Conclusions: emphasize that resource complementarity is essential, and that the model based on mutual benefit, innovation, and shared funding represents a viable and sustainable alternative to traditional international cooperation paradigms.